Backup generators provide emergency power during grid outages to protect critical data. They are typically diesel-fueled, though alternatives are being evaluated. Generators are tested periodically and must comply with air quality and noise regulations. Permits are required for installation and operation, and emissions are regulated by the EPA and local agencies. They typically involve:

  • Involves site specific air-modeling ​
  • Visually screened & Sound attenuated to comply with local code​
  • Testing: Industry standard: 30 mins/month @ 30% load – run for 6-15 hours per year. ​
  • Heavy regulation: Strict emissions standards per Clean Air Act to comply with EPA and state regulations.

Diesel Generators (Tier 4) supporting a 400MW data center campus, running 15 hrs/year, are roughly equivalent to 60 school buses running for a school district.  

New EPA Guidance Clarifies When Data Centers May Utilize Emergency Backup Generators